يُجري الجانبان الجزائري والإيطالي استعدادات حثيثة، لترتيب زيارة رئيسة الوزراء الإيطالية جورجيا ميلوني إلى الجزائر المرتقبة يوم الأحد المقبل، مع توقعات بأن يتم توثيق التعاون بين البلدين في مجالات الطاقة وصناعة السيارات، باستغلال العلاقات المتميزة التي يمر بها البلدان، والتي ازدادت قوة بعد الحرب الروسية الأوكرانية الأخيرة.
قبل أسبوع من هذه الزيارة، أجرى السفير الجزائري في روما، عبد الكريم طواهرية، محادثات على التوالي مع وزير الداخلية، ماتيو بيانتيدوسي، ومحافظ روما، برونو فراتاسي، حيث تطرق معهما إلى واقع التعاون الثنائي، لا سيما الملفات التي يمكن مناقشتها بعد وصول ميلوني التي ستمكث يومي 22 و23 في الجزائر.
وأكد السفير في تصريحاته، على أهمية تعزيز محور التعاون الجزائر- روما على الصعيدين السياسي والاقتصادي، طبقا لتوجيهات الرئيس عبد المجيد تبون، معتبرا أن الزيارة المقبلة لرئيسة مجلس الوزراء الإيطالي إلى الجزائر، ستساهم أكثر في تعزيز مسار بناء شراكة استراتيجية حقيقية.
وخلال لقائه مع وزير الداخلية الإيطالي، تطرق السفير الجزائري لمختلف ملفات التعاون الثنائي، من الطاقة إلى الشراكة الاقتصادية، إلى جانب الملفات الأمنية التي أعرب بشأنها عن ارتياحه للتعاون المتميز بين مصالح الأمن للبلدين حول المسائل ذات صلة بالإرهاب والجريمة المنظمة العابرة للأوطان.
وتماهى السفير الجزائري مع المخاوف الإيطالية بخصوص الهجرة السرية، خاصة بعد صعود ميلوني المحسوبة على اليمين المحافظ، مبرزا أن الجزائر تسعى بجميع الإمكانيات لحماية الحدود والساحل ومحاربة المصادر التي تغذي هذه الظاهرة. وأضاف أن المصالح القنصلية بالسفارة تجري بانتظام جلسات الاستماع اللازمة لتحديد هوية المهاجرين غير الشرعيين المشتبه في كونهم جزائريين والموقوفين في سردينيا وجنوب إيطاليا.
كما تحادث السفير والوزير حول الإطار القانوني الثنائي، لا سيما لجنة متابعة الاتفاق الجزائري- الإيطالي بشأن حركة الأشخاص، فضلا عن مشروع اتفاق التعاون الأمني قيد الاستكمال والذي من المرجح أن يتم التوقيع عليه خلال زيارة ميلوني. وأكد وزير الداخلية الإيطالي بيانتيدوسي في هذا الصدد استعداده لتعميق المناقشات مع نظيره الجزائري خلال هذه الزيارة أو في إطار زيارة عمل رسمية أخرى إلى الجزائر. وبحث الدبلوماسي الجزائري أيضا، خلال الاجتماعين، العديد من القضايا الإقليمية والدولية، لاسيما أوكرانيا والملف الليبي ومكافحة الإرهاب في منطقة الساحل.
ومن المنتظر أن توقع العديد من الاتفاقيات خلال هذه الزيارة، خاصة ما تعلق منها بصناعة السيارات وقطع غيارها، لاستكمال ما بدأه الجانبان سابقا. وكان السفير الجزائري بوما، قد استقبل الرئيس المدير العام لشركة “أدلار” ورئيس الجمعية الإيطالية لصناعة وتجهيز السيارات، باولو سكودييري، حيث تمحورت المحادثات أساسا بين الطرفين حول الزيارة. كما بحث السفير مع مدير شركة “أدلار” تجسيد عدّة مشاريع استثمارية في مجالات مختلفة، من بينها الطاقة والفلاحة وصناعة قطع الغيار.
ومن بين المشاريع التي تلح عليها الجزائر بقوة، إنجاز ربط كهربائي مع روما عبر كابل بحري، من أجل تصدير الكهرباء إلى إيطاليا ومنها إلى أوروبا. وتنص الاتفاقية الموقعة في أبريل مع الجزائر، على دعم تطوير الطاقة المتجددة والتقنيات المبتكرة منخفضة الكربون ومشاريع لنقل شبكات الكهرباء في الجزائر والربط الكهربائي بين الجزائر وإيطاليا، لكن هذا المشروع يبقى قيد الدراسة لحد الآن.
وتعد زيارة ميلوني الثالثة من نوعها لرئيس وزراء إيطالي للجزائر في فترة الرئيس الحالي عبد المجيد تبون، بالإضافة إلى الزيارة الرئاسية التي جرت نهاية سنة 2021 للرئيس الإيطالي، وعشرات الزيارات لمسؤولين إيطاليين رفيعين بينهم وزيرا الداخلية والخارجية، ومدراء المؤسسات الإيطالية الكبرى. في المقابل، أجرى الرئيس تبون زيارة دولة لإيطاليا في ربيع العام الماضي، حظيت باهتمام واسع في إعلام البلدين.
ولا يبدو التوجه اليميني لميلوني مؤثرا في العلاقات بين روما والجزائر التي باتت تقفز على كل الحساسيات السياسية، خاصة بعد توجه إيطاليا للاعتماد التام على الغاز الجزائري، وتفضيل الجزائر لروما في صادراتها الطاقوية على باقي شركائها الأوروبيين، ناهيك عن الاستثمارات الضخمة التي تقيمها شركة إيني الإيطالية في الجزائر، وهي كلها عوامل حوّلت العلاقة بين البلدين إلى استراتيجية.
ومن أبرز مظاهر هذا التحالف، تصريحات الرئيس الجزائري عبد المجيد تبون الأخيرة التي ذكر فيها أن بلاده لا ترى مانعا في رؤية إيطاليا تتحول لمركز محوري لتوزيع للغاز الجزائري نحو باقي الدول، ومنها ألمانيا. وقال تبون إن الجزائر تنتج حاليا قرابة 102 مليار متر مكعب من الغاز، تستهلك نصفه محليا، مع طموح للوصول سنة 2023، إلى إنتاج 100 مليار مكعب من الغاز موجه فقط للتصدير.
وبحسب الرئيس المدير العام لمجمع سوناطراك، توفيق حكار، فإن صادرات الغاز الجزائرية نحو ايطاليا سجلت ما يقارب 27 مليار متر مكعب من الغاز في 2022 نحو إيطاليا. ويتم التصدير أساسا، عبر أنبوب الغاز العابر للمتوسط “ترانسميد”، الذي يصل الجزائر بإيطاليا عبر تونس، وتبلغ طاقة نقله 32 مليار متر مكعب من الغاز سنويا. وتم تجديد عقد بيع الغاز بين البلدين في ماي 2019 لتزويد السوق الإيطالية لمدة 8 سنوات حتى سنة 2027، بالإضافة إلى سنتين اختياريتين إضافيتين.
وتعتبر شركة إيني الإيطالية من أهم مستثمري الطاقة في الجزائر، حيث وقّعت في نهاية 2021 على عقد استثمار بـ1.4 مليار دولار، لإنتاج 45 ألف برميل يوميا، وعلى اتفاق استراتيجي في مجال الطاقات المتجددة. وتقيم إيني بالشراكة مع سوناطراك 12 مشروعا في التنقيب وإنتاج المحروقات. وبشكل عام، يبلغ حجم المبادلات التجارية بين الجزائر وإيطاليا حوالي 8 مليار دولار، أغلبها مواد طاقوية وتجهيزات ومعدات ومواد غذائية.
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